Which of the following offers the best description of neural transmission across nearly all mammalian synaptic clefts?
A. Neural impulses involve the flow of K+ and Na+ across the cleft.
B. Neural impulses travel across the gap as electrical currents.
C. Neural impulses cause the release of chemicals that diffuse across the cleft.
D. Neural impulses travel across the cleft in both directions.
E. The calcium within the axons and dendrites of nerves adjacent to a synapse acts as the neurotransmitter.
C. Neural impulses cause the release of chemicals that diffuse across the cleft.
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Molecules called uncouplers allow protons to cross the inner mitochondrial membrane, which decreases the proton gradient potential. Consequently, ATP production in the mitochondria would
A. not change, because protons cross the outer mitochondrial membrane to produce ATP. B. increase, because this would spontaneously establish a proton gradient for powering ATP synthase. C. decrease, because the proton gradient, for powering ATP synthase, would dissipate. D. increase, because this would make more oxygen available in the mitochondrial matrix. E. decrease, because electrons would not be able to move through the electron transport chain.
dN/dt is a measure of _____________________
a. population growth rates b. population size c. carrying capacity d. generation time
Which is the correct sequence in the evolution of
plants? a. algae >>> gymnosperms >>> angiosperms>>> bryophytes >>> ferns b. ferns >>> algae >>> bryophytes >>> gymnosperms>>> angiosperms c. algae >>> bryophytes >>> ferns >>> gymnosperms>>> angiosperms d. ferns >>> gymnosperms>>> algae >>> bryophytes >>> angiosperms e. algae >>> bryophytes >>> ferns >>> angiosperms >>> gymnosperms
Which sequence reflects the locations that a secretory protein will visit on its way from its production to its secretion outside the cell?
A) rough ER, secretory vesicle, Golgi complex, ER vesicle B) rough ER, Golgi complex, smooth ER, ER vesicle C) nucleus, Golgi complex, rough or smooth ER, secretory vesicle D) smooth ER, rough ER, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle E) rough ER, ER vesicle, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle