How might a therapist know that the client has achieved personal growth and successfully navigated developmental tasks, thereby achieving self-actualization?

a. Self-actualization is a life-long process, therefore only the client will know when they have achieved self- actualization.
b. The therapist will know that the client has achieved self- actualization when the client is no longer attending sessions regularly.
c. Self-actualization is too difficult to quantify and therefore impossible for a client or therapist to articulate.
d. The therapist will know that the client is making progress towards self- actualization when the client is no longer experiencing symptoms at the individual level and they are able to function in most areas of daily life.


ANS: D

Counseling

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Which of the following is true of most disorders, as described in the text?

a. Most disorders show homotypic continuity. b. Most disorders show heterotypic continuity. c. Most disorders show spontaneous remission (they go away on their own after a while without treatment). d. Most disorders are subject to equifinality but not multifinality.

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At a conceptual level the statistic “standard error of the mean” can be described by which of the following?

a. The standard deviation of sample means around the grand mean b. The difference between the sample mean and the population mean c. The total summation of mean errors d. The basis for all Type II error

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_________________ and homelessness are the result of chronic poverty and joblessness.

a. Inequality b. Prejudice c. Oppression d. Urban ghettos

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When did the harm reduction framework primarily begin?

a. Late 19th century b. Mid-late 20th century c. Early 20th century d. Early 21st century

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