Nutrition is one of the most significant factors influencing the outcome of a pregnancy. It is an alterable and important preventive measure for various potential problems, such as low birth weight and prematurity
While completing the physical assessment of the pregnant client, the nurse can evaluate the client's nutritional status by observing a number of physical signs. Which sign would indicate that the client has unmet nutritional needs?
a. Normal heart rate, rhythm, and blood pressure
b. Bright, clear, shiny eyes
c. Alert, responsive, and good endurance
d. Edema, tender calves, and tingling
ANS: D
The physiologic changes of pregnancy may complicate the interpretation of physical findings. Lower extremity edema often occurs when caloric and protein deficiencies are present; however, it may also be a common physical finding during the third trimester. It is essential that the nurse complete a thorough health history and physical assessment and request further laboratory testing if indicated. A malnourished pregnant patient may display rapid heart rate, abnormal rhythm, enlarged heart, and elevated blood pressure. A patient receiving adequate nutrition has bright, shiny eyes with no sores and moist, pink membranes. Pale or red membranes, dryness, infection, dull appearance of the cornea, or blue sclerae all are signs of poor nutrition. This client is well nourished. Cachexia, listlessness, and tiring easily would be indications of poor nutritional status.
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