When planning care for a patient with liver disease, the nurse keeps in mind that the leading cause of chronic liver disease is:
A) alcoholism.
B) hepatitis C.
C) environmental toxins.
D) hepatotoxic drugs.
A) alcoholism.
Explanation: A) Excessive consumption of alcohol is the major cause of chronic liver disease around the world. Alcohol-related liver failure is considered the third most preventable cause of death in the United States alone. Exposure to a particular virus (hepatitis C) is another leading cause of liver disease across the globe.
B) Excessive consumption of alcohol is the major cause of chronic liver disease around the world. Alcohol-related liver failure is considered the third most preventable cause of death in the United States alone. Exposure to a particular virus (hepatitis C) is another leading cause of liver disease across the globe.
C) Excessive consumption of alcohol is the major cause of chronic liver disease around the world. Alcohol-related liver failure is considered the third most preventable cause of death in the United States alone. Exposure to a particular virus (hepatitis C) is another leading cause of liver disease across the globe.
D) Excessive consumption of alcohol is the major cause of chronic liver disease around the world. Alcohol-related liver failure is considered the third most preventable cause of death in the United States alone. Exposure to a particular virus (hepatitis C) is another leading cause of liver disease across the globe.
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While helping a client with the evening meal, the nurse observes the client close his eyes, bow his head, and murmur words of thanks and praise. What does this behavior indicate to the nurse?
A) The client did not want the nurse to leave. B) The client was asking that the meal be better than the last. C) The client is confused. D) The client was praying before eating.
Which of the following nursing interventions contributes to achieving a client's pain relief?
A) Minimize the client's description of pain or need for pain relief. B) Collaborate with the client about his or her goal for a level of pain relief. C) Use all forms of available pain management techniques. D) Prevent the client from self-administering analgesics.
You work in a cardiology clinic, and you are assessing a patient who had a pacemaker implanted 6 weeks ago. What would be important for you to assess this patient for?
A) Ineffective intake related to fear of having to much blood B) Inadequate exercise related to fear of pacemaker failure C) Inadequate support system related to living alone D) Ineffective coping with the implantation
A 78-year-old client who experiences angina after even minimal activity is treated with medications. Identify the medication mode of action that the nurse would give to best decrease myocardial oxygen consumption and reduce chest pain
a. Increase preload b. Reduce afterload c. Reduce preload d. Increase contractility