Which of the following is generally true of phobias?
a. phobias are arbitrary
b. phobias are not resistant to extinction
c. phobias are generally reactions to naturally occurring objects
d. phobias require repeated exposure to develop
c
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The mere measurement effect refers to which phenomenon? a. Improving your quantitative skills might make you less attentive to words
b. Estimating your probability of doing something makes you more likely to do it. c. Measuring how fast you do some task makes you slower to complete it. d. You enjoy something less if you know that someone is measuring it.
Dr. Gonzalez, a radiologist, uses a very liberal criterion when she reads mammograms. She recommends a biopsy for every possible case of cancer. This decision strategy _____ the chances of missing a true cancer and _____ false alarms.
A) maximizes; leads to many B) minimizes; minimizes C) minimizes; leads to many D) maximizes; minimizes
"The more attention we pay to a stimulus, the more likely we are to effectively encode it in long-term memory." This statement, which is consistent with the Levels of Processing model of memory, might be uttered by which researchers?
a. Hockenbury and Hockenbury b. Baddeley and Sanders c. Craik and Tulving d. Atkinson and Shiffrin
Charles, a three-year-old, sees a watermelon in the grocery store and exclaims, "A ball!" His mother corrects him and clarifies that the watermelon is in fact not a ball, but rather a fruit. What will Charles likely do with this information?
A. He will be unable to use this information to modify his concept of balls. B. He will need to hear verification from at least one other person to update his concepts. C. He will use this new information to update only his concept of fruit. D. He will use this new information to refine his concepts of fruit and balls.