In the formation of biofilms, such as those forming on unbrushed teeth, cell signaling serves which function?
A) formation of mating complexes
B) aggregation of bacteria that can cause cavities
C) secretion of substances that inhibit foreign bacteria
D) digestion of unwanted parasite populations
B
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The same molecule may be both __________ and
__________. a. enzyme; neurotransmitter b. neurotransmitter; hormone c. enzyme; pheromone d. hormone; second messenger e. hormone; local signaling molecule
Activity of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is brief because it
A) "self-destructs" shortly after leaving the presynaptic neuron. B) is transported back into the presynaptic neuron. C) diffuses out of the synaptic cleft. D) is pumped out of the synaptic cleft by the sodium-potassium pump. E) is rapidly broken down by enzymes in the synaptic cleft.
The E. coli origin, oriC, contains:
A. four 9-base-pair consensus sequences. B. three AT-rich direct repeats. C. eleven GATC sites. D. four 9-base-pair consensus sequences and three AT-rich direct repeats. E. four 9-base-pair consensus sequences, three AT-rich direct repeats, and eleven GATC sites.
In a microbiology lab, which of the following has the most entropy?
a. bacterial culture after one day of growth b. bacterial cultures freshly inoculated c. bacterial culture after a visit to the autoclave d. bacterial culture after four days of growth