List and describe the major types of societies discussed in the text

Question

Please provide the best answer for the statement.

Answer 1

1. Hunting and gathering societies: Adult men do the hunting and share their catch with
other members of the group. Sharing forges close, strong relationships among group
members.
2. Horticultural and pastoral societies: The mode of subsistence in a horticultural society
is the cultivation of domestic plants. The invention of the hoe made horticulture
possible. Pastoral societies rely on grazing domestic animals as their mode of
subsistence. Pastoral societies are nomadic. Compared to hunting and gathering
societies, pastoral and horticultural societies are more complex, specialized, and
hierarchical.
3. Agrarian societies: Their subsistence is based on agriculture and farming. The
invention of the plow allowed farmers to cultivate land. Food surpluses were created,
allowing farmers to support larger populations. Cities emerged and grew very
large—often to millions of people. Power becomes centralized in the hands of
nobility, religion becomes institutionalized, and wealth is monopolized.
4. Industrial and postindustrial societies: Industrial societies rely on technology and
mechanization for their mode of subsistence. They began during the latter part of the
nineteenth century and have transitioned into postindustrial societies. Postindustrial