Three of the following statements reflect contemporary perspectives of instrumental conditioning and reinforcement. Which one does not?
a. Punishment has a more pronounced effect on behavior than reinforcement does.
b. Behavior can sometimes be better understood if we look at complex environmental conditions rather than at simple, specific stimuli.
c. Instrumental conditioning can more adequately be explained when we talk about mental processes as well as observable events.
d. Any single consequence may be more or less reinforcing depending on a learner's particular motives at the time.
a
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Lower levels of academic achievement of children in U.S. Latino children, especially children of migrant workers and undocumented workers have been associated with which of the following?
a. coresidence of extended family b. permissive parenting c. traditional parenting styles d. language barriers
Routine activities in the preschool classroom
A) should not be considered part of the language-enhancing curriculum. B) can have an important role in enhancing children's language competencies. C) provide opportunity only for enhancing pragmatic knowledge of language. D) should be very brief so that there is more time for more focused learning activities.
Mr. Henderson notices that in his class, the most popular students tend to be the ones that possess certain characteristics. All of them enjoy being around others and are friendly and lively. The popular students in Mr. Henderson's class can be classified as which of the following?
A. Practical B. Introverted C. Neurotic D. Extraverted
If someone told you that she or he was being sexually harassed, what two pieces of advice would you offer?
What will be an ideal response?