While reinforcing discharge teaching for a patient with emphysema, which of the following patient statements would indicate that teaching was effective?
a. "My disease is caused by spasm of the smooth muscles in my breathing pipes."
b. "Air gets trapped when damage to the air sacs makes it hard for air to move in and out."
c. "Emphysema causes swelling in the airways and an increase in mucus production."
d. "There are bacteria in my lungs so my body is trying to wall off the infection."
ANS: B
Emphysema affects the alveolar membranes, causing destruction of the alveolar walls, loss of elastic recoil, and air trapping. Smooth muscle spasm is associated with asthma, inflammation and mucus production are associated with chronic bronchitis, and walled-off bacteria are characteristic of tuberculosis.
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