A client asks the nurse why the physician has ordered an antihistamine for insomnia that is the same one a neighbor takes for seasonal allergies. The nurse explains that antihistamines are effective in treating a number of problems, including:
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Parkinson disease.
2. motion sickness.
3. hives.
4. bronchoconstriction.
5. hypotension.
Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1: Antihistamines exert an anticholinergic action and are used to treat early symptoms of Parkinson disease.
Rationale 2: Antihistamines suppress the vomiting center in the brain, decreasing the nausea accompanying motion sickness.
Rationale 3: Hives are most often caused by the release of histamine; antihistamines block that release.
Rationale 4: Antihistamines do not have a therapeutic effect on bronchoconstriction.
Rationale 5: Antihistamines do not have a therapeutic effect on hypotension and should be used cautiously in clients with hypertension.
Global Rationale: Antihistamines that selectively block H1 receptors are widely used as OTC remedies for the relief of allergy symptoms, motion sickness, and insomnia. Drugs with significant anticholinergic actions are used to treat mild forms of Parkinson disease. They are also used to treat the tremor and extrapyramidal adverse effects from conventional antipsychotic drugs. Because diphenhydramine exerts great amounts of anticholinergic action, it is sometimes used to treat these conditions. They do not have a therapeutic effect on bronchoconstriction or hypotension.
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