Which of the following primates is a hominin?
a. bonobos
b. gorillas
c. humans
d. gibbons
e. more than one of these
C
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Which statement best describes the difference in responses of effector B cells (plasma cells) and cytotoxic T cells?
A) B cells confer active immunity; cytotoxic T cells confer passive immunity. B) B cells kill pathogens directly; cytotoxic T cells kill host cells. C) B cells secrete antibodies against a pathogen; cytotoxic T cells kill pathogen-infected host cells. D) B cells carry out the cell-mediated response; cytotoxic T cells carry out the humoral response. E) B cells respond the first time a pathogen is present; cytotoxic T cells respond subsequent times.
The protein Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) plays a role in specifying the identity of digits (such as fingers and toes) in mammals. Several digits arise directly from cells that both express and respond to secreted SHH. What type of signaling would this be considered?
A. Direct contact B. Paracrine C. Endocrine D. Synaptic E. Autocrine
The mitral valve ____
a. lies between the left and right ventricles b. is found on the right side of the heart c. prevents blood from back flowing into the aorta d. lies between the left atrium and left ventricle e. closes when the left ventricle relaxes
A benign tumor is a condition in which tumor cells _______.
A. have an unusual number of chromosomes B. remain confined to their original site C. migrate from the initial site of transformation to other organs or tissues D. invade the circulatory system