If asked, "Which is more probable?
A. Janice wears glasses and is a librarian. B. Janice is a librarian." Most people would answer A, although A is less likely to be true than B. According to Tversky and Kahneman, such faulty conclusions are based on
a. the framing effect.
b. convergent thinking.
c. divergent thinking.
d. the representativeness heuristic.
ANSWER: d
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A survey of over 6,000 students (Connor and Pope, 2013) found that emotional and cognitive engagement with schoolwork tends to __________ between seventh and twelfth grades.
A. decline B. remain the same C. increase slightly D. increase greatly
A child's primary goal is to satisfy desires associated with innate biological needs. This statement is characteristic of the theory of:
A. Sigmund Freud B. Jean Piaget C. Erik Erikson D. Albert Bandura
In the context of operant conditioning, ________ consists of the removal of something pleasant that results in a decrease in the likelihood that a prior behavior will be repeated.
A. positive punishment B. negative punishment C. negative reinforcement D. positive reinforcement
Thorndike was known for his work with ______
a) a Skinner box b) a puzzle box c) modeling d) monkeys