Which goals are appropriate for a patient with a traumatic injury and an ineffective breathing pattern? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply
1. Provide oxygen 100% therapy through a nonrebreather mask.
2. Restore the normal breathing pattern.
3. Maintain a calm environment to decrease oxygen demands.
4. Prevent sepsis
5. Maintain balanced hydration
1,2,4
Rationale 1: This will maximize available oxygen and allow the least respiratory effort to increase perfusion to the greatest number of alveolar areas.
Rationale 2: This will maximize available oxygen and allow the least respiratory effort to increase perfusion to the greatest number of alveolar areas.
Rationale 3: Although remaining calm will decrease the oxygen demand, this is not likely to occur when breathing difficulties create both physical and emotional stress. Sedation may be needed if ventilation is in use and the patient is fighting the ventilator.
Rationale 4: Preventing infection will allow the least respiratory effort to increase perfusion in the greatest number of alveolar areas.
Rationale 5: Although keeping the lung tissue moist is the ideal way to improve cellular tissue exchange, it will not help if the problem is ineffective breathing. The muscle effort or surface available to exchange is the problem that needs correction.
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