Identify and briefly explain the four premises of evolution by natural selection, as proposed by Charles
Darwin. What will be an ideal response?
1. Individuals of a population exhibit variation in traits.
2. Overproduction of species progeny. More offspring produced than can survive.
3. Limits on population growth by limited resources.
4. Differential reproductive success: those individuals with traits that can take advantage of resources
will produce more offspring for the next generation
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Which of the following statements regarding biogeochemical cycles is incorrect?
A. Cycles are simple systems between living and nonliving components. B. Recycling keeps nutrients in balance. C. All organisms directly participate in recycling. D. Elements cycle through biotic and abiotic environments. E. All elements originate from a nonliving, long-term reservoir.
Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the lack of a filter blocking the passage of alcohol between the maternal and fetal circulations in humans?
A) There has not been enough time to evolve such a barrier. B) Such a barrier would probably also block important molecules that need to be passed to the fetus. C) The maternal and fetal blood mix directly together in an area with many villi, so a barrier is impossible. D) Alcohol has some positive effects on the fetus, so evolution has resulted in an intermediate level of filtering that blocks all but the worst abuses of alcohol.
What is the endomembrane system?
A. A group of internal membranes and organelles that are highly connected within a eukaryotic cell B. Another name for the Golgi apparatus C. Another name for the endoplasmic reticulum D. A group of vesicles that are highly connected within a eukaryotic cells
When two excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) occur at a single synapse so rapidly in succession that the postsynaptic neuron's membrane potential has not returned to the resting potential before the second EPSP arrives, the EPSPs add together
producing _____. A) temporal summation B) spatial summation C) tetanus D) the refractory state