______ refers to a legal standard that means that an officer believes that an offense has been or is about to be committed.

a. Search
b. Emergency exception
c. Probable cause
d. Exclusionary rule


c. Probable cause

Criminal Justice

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Which of the following is true of the Digital Revolution?

a. It has prompted private citizens to embrace sophisticated measures of cyberprotection. b. It has eliminated vulnerabilities of government institutions and personal residences. c. It has resulted in decreased interconnectivity. d. It has created a new forum for both terrorist activity and criminal behavior.

Criminal Justice

The Supreme Court allows police investigators to show photographs of suspects still at large to witnesses because it has ruled that this practice is not suggestive

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

Echelon consists of which of the following initiatives?

a. A classified special operations command. b. A covert network of federal and state homeland security officials. c. Confidential escalation or de-escalation of counterterrorist initiatives. d. A satellite surveillance network.

Criminal Justice

______ reflects the empirical response to elder abuse that brings together various researchers and practitioners to better understand the problem.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Criminal Justice