Holoprosencephaly is a highly variable condition in mammals, including humans. Its effects range from an absence of brain areas, mid-face disorders, and cyclopia to slight dental abnormalities. One form, HPE3, is caused by Shh mutations
Familial cases are inherited as dominants. Which of the following do you expect? A) HPE3 is actually a multigene complex.
B) Each type of malformation is due to a different HPE3 allele.
C) HPE3 expression is modified by genetic background.
D) HPE3 individuals also share a common environmental exposure.
E) All mutations in Shh that result in HPE3 are due to frameshifts.
C
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________ is a process that can completely catabolize an organic energy source to CO2 using the glycolytic pathways and TCA cycle with O2 as the terminal electron acceptor for an electron transport chain.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Mycorrhizal fungi obtain food from plants in exchange for water and nutrients. This is an example of
A. mutualism. B. commensalism. C. herbivory. D. parasitism. E. predation.
In which phase of translation are peptide bonds formed?
a. replication
b. transcription c. initiation d. elongation e. termination