In Exercise 7, the conditioning of the medium-intensity light (CSML) was blocked by the prior conditioning of the medium-intensity tone (CSMT) in Stage 1 before the two stimuli were presented in a compound CS and paired with the medium-intensity electric shock (USM) in Stage 2. Subsequently, when tested separately in extinction (Stage 3), the movement ratio for the
a. tone and light were both approximately 0.5.
b. light was greater than 0.5.
c. light was less than 0.5 and equal to that for the tone.
d. light was approximately zero.
d. light was approximately zero.
Answer feedback: Blocking is in evidence when there is little, if any, conditioning of the light when it is presented in a compound CS with the tone. This means that there would be virtually no freezing or other fear-related behavior when the light was presented by itself in extinction (that is, the movement ratio would be approximately zero).
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With regard to the ability to see colors, newborns a. can perceive a few colors
b. are functionally colorblind. c. can see primary and secondary colors, but not blended colors. d. can see the entire spectrum of colors.
According to your text, the developing person
a. cannot modify their psychological system. b. can modify the psychological system through self-guided choice. c. can modify one system without affecting other systems. d. has no control over their development.
Counterbalancing is helpful for between-subjects designs to reduce a source of bias in the data.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Which people have an elevated risk for developing Tay-Sachs disease?
a) African Americans b) Eastern European Jews c) inhabitants of northern climates d) inhabitants of countries with diets lacking Vitamin B