In their study of influences on violent crime in Chicago neighborhoods, Robert Sampson, Stephen Raudenbush, and Felton Earls (1997, p. 919) hypothesized that efficacy would influence neighborhood crime rates. Collective efficacy was defined conceptually as a characteristic of the neighborhood: the extent to which residents were likely to help other residents and were trusted by other residents. To test this hypothesis, the researchers surveyed individuals from different neighborhoods. What is the unit of analysis in this study?
A. individuals
B. neighborhoods
C. crime rates
D. collective efficacy scores
B. neighborhoods
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If used as it was intended, what does the long ballot require voters to ignore?
a. office b. incumbency c. name recognition d. party identification
When referencing a chapter within an edited book, the title of the chapter is in italics
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Theda Skocpol argues that since the 1950s, American associations have been transformed from
a. membership groups to advocacy groups. b. advocacy groups to membership groups. c. liberal groups to conservative groups. d. conservative groups to liberal groups.
Which of the following is an example of an unfunded mandate?
a. No Child Left Behind b. Iraq War Resolution c. Creation of the Environmental Protection Agency d. A bill raising taxes on the top 1% of earners