In placental mammals such as humans the dosage compensation mechanism to essentially equalize

expression of sex-linked genes in males and females is



a. doubling the gene expression for most genes on the X chromosome in males.
b. doubling the number of X chromosomes in males early in embryonic development in all
cells except for precursors of sex cells.
c. having all major genes on the X chromosome also present on the Y chromosome.
d. halving the gene expression for most genes on each X chromosome in females.
e. inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes in most body cells of females.


E

Biology & Microbiology

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