When the Supreme Court decided that the Eighth Amendment prohibition on "cruel and unusual punishments" forbids the application of the death penalty to offenders who commit murder before the age of 18 (Roper v. Simmons, 2005), the majority of justices used a(n) __________ approach as a basis for their decision
a. attitudinal
b. flexible interpretation
c. new institutionalism
d. judicial intention
b
You might also like to view...
How is successful lobbying similar to the actions that the President takes when trying to gain support from members of Congress?
A. The easiest strategy that wins supporters is by threatening electoral harm by opposing something popular. B. Getting people to do what he or she wants them to do by convincing them that the action serves their goals. C. Mobilizing public opinion through speeches and television commercials is the easiest way to build support. D. Cutting off access and limiting benefits help political actors understand what actions are in their best interests.
Former members of the Texas legislature __________.
A. are forbidden by state law from serving as lobbyists B. are rarely viewed as effective lobbyists since they know little about the policymaking process C. are more likely to become lobbyists than are former members of most other state legislatures D. are not required to register with the Texas Ethics Commission before lobbying state government
Large majorities of Americans oppose what kind of spending program?
a. K–12 education b. unemployment insurance c. arms sales abroad d. Medicaid
Which political era saw the longest period of Democratic domination? Explain the origins, the ideology of the party, and what led to the demise of party domination following this period
What will be an ideal response?