Describe Mowrer’s two-factor theory of avoidance.
What will be an ideal response?
Mowrer proposes that we learn to avoid aversive events into stages. In the first stage, fear is conditioned to the environmental conditions that precede aversive event. In the second stage, we learn a behavior that successfully terminates the feared stimulus. For Mowrer, it appeared that while we are avoiding painful events, we are actually escaping a feared stimulus.
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Mary is investigating factors related to alcohol use among college students, so she lives in a college dormitory for a month to observe students and conduct in-depth interviews with them. This is an example of what type of research?
A. experimental B. ethnography C. representative research D. survey research
If you were having problems with severe depression, the type of psychologist that would be the greatest help to you would be
a. a developmental psychologist. b. a social psychologist. c. a clinical psychologist. d. an experimental psychologist.
In middle adolescence, people __________.
A. become aware of contradictions between their self-perceptions across social contexts B. integrate self-observed traits into a consistent portrait of the self C. remain unaware of contradictions between their self-perceptions across social contexts D. are unable to make comparisons between single abstractions
Visual adaptation involves the ability to adjust to changes in
a. an object's position b. an object's distance. c. illumination. d. acceleration.