How were the ideas of Abbé Raynal regarding the New World inhabitants perceived and refuted?
What will be an ideal response?
Raynal took up the previously debated ideas of de las Casas and Sepulveda on the state of civilization of the indigenous peoples of the New World. Raynal argued that not only were the Native Americans of North America inferior human beings, but that any person who was born in North America, even if of European extraction, was innately degenerate because America had been formed later than Europe, thus accounting for its primitive weather. That, in turn, led to flora and fauna being smaller and inferior as well. Thomas Jefferson refuted this work in several ways, arguing that the indigenous population was not "less manly" because they had no facial hair, but were instead superior warriors. Americans of European ancestry were not degenerate based on the example of Benjamin Franklin, who was just as intellectual and creative as were the Enlightenment leaders of Europe.
You might also like to view...
How did blacks react to segregation laws regarding streetcars?
A) They attempted to form separate transportation companies. B) They held celebrations in cities across the South. C) They rode motorcycles rather than streetcars, seriously hurting the streetcar companies economically. D) Streetcar segregation was the form of discrimination that blacks accepted as necessary, due to the high level of violence associated with this mode of transportation
Which of the following is true of the Emancipation Proclamation?
a. It was denounced by many as being clearly unconstitutional. b. It was issued by Lincoln on the basis of his powers as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. c. It barely passed Congress over the bitter opposition of virtually all Democrats. d. It passed Congress with overwhelming support from both Republicans and Democrats.
The leader in the struggle to unite Central America under liberal auspices was
A) Augustín de Iturbide. B) Manuel José Arce. C) Francisco Morazán. D) Mariano Gálvez.
All the following statements regarding the use of DDT are true EXCEPT that
A. it was first used on a large scale in Italy in 1943–1944, during a typhus outbreak. B. the pesticide likely saved the lives of thousands of soldiers during World War II. C. after its introduction, it quickly gained a positive reputation for its effectiveness. D. scientists during WWII knew the pesticide had a long-term toxic effect on humans and animals. E. the pesticide was recognized to be extremely toxic to insects.