Which approach to explaining dreams is best supported by the fact that students who are worried about getting a good grade in a class often have recurring dream of running out of time on exams,
oversleeping and missing class, or suddenly realizing that a paper deadline was just missed?
A) psychoanalytic
B) neurocognitive hypothesis
C) latent-dream theory
D) activation synthesis
Answer: B
Rationale: Sleep researcher Rosalind Cartwright has proposed the problem-solving theory—the theory that thoughts and concerns are continuous from waking to sleeping, and that dreams may function to facilitate finding solutions to problems encountered while awake. The theory predicts that the amount of waking concern about an issue will be positively correlated with the number of times it appears in a person's dreams. In contrast, the psychoanalytic theory focuses much more on the latent or unconscious content of dreams.
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Hardy people (those unusually resistant to the effects of stress) are characterized by a(n)
a. sense of personal commitment to self, work, and family. b. feeling of no control over their lives. c. attitude of just going with the flow. d. tendency to avoid extra responsibilities.
If you believe that behavior is influenced by external situations and circumstances, then you would most likely agree with which statement?
a. Almost anyone would be polite at a wedding reception; it doesn't matter what kind of personality the person has. b. Most people I have known for several years have pretty much the same personalities now as they did when I first met them. c. To be comfortable in a particular job, a person's personality must match the nature of the work. d. One of the first things I would want to know about a potential roommate is what the person's personality is like.
According to Sigmund Freud, the important underlying meaning of our dreams is found in the dream's ________ content
a) deep b) latent c) manifest d) subliminal
Regardless of a generation gap, on ___________ issues, parents and adolescents tend to be in synch, and children's worries mirror those of their parents
a. social c. religious b. political d. all of these answers