The law of small numbers describes:
A) the tendency for people to overstate the probability associated with rare events.
B) the ability to correctly estimate the expected outcome from a small number of events.
C) the higher probability that small numbers (like 1, 2, and 3 ) occur in random samples relative to large number (like 8 or 9 ).
D) the improved accuracy of averages to estimate relatively small numbers (on the order of 1 or 10 ) than relatively large numbers (on the order of 1,000 or 10,000 ).
A
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Should economics be considered a science? Why or why not?
What will be an ideal response?
Some economists have argued that path dependence and switching costs can lead to market failure. Which of the following is an example of this argument?
A) VHS video recorders became more popular with consumers than Sony Betamax recorders even though the Betamax recorders embodied a superior technology. B) A consumer who won a lottery for a Super Bowl ticket refuses to sell it for $3,000 even though he would not have paid $3,000 for a ticket if he had not won the lottery. C) Costly celebrity endorsements lead many consumers to buy a product even though it is more expensive or less effective than a product that is not endorsed by a celebrity. D) While playing the ultimate game, an allocator decides to share $20 equally with a recipient rather than keep the $20 for herself.
If tax reduction and simplification are effective, then
A) fewer new firms will be established, since existing firms will make more profit. B) saving and investment in new capital will increase. C) interest rates will rise in financial markets and demand for financial assets falls. D) real wages will rise as labor supply and demand increase.
How does the two-good, two-country version of the Ricardian model differ from the two-country, many-good model in terms of the determination which goods are produced and exported by each country?
What will be an ideal response?