Describe association techniques. What theory is it based upon? Give an example of an association technique.

What will be an ideal response?


In association techniques, an examinee is presented with visual or auditory stimuli and asked to respond with the first association that comes to mind
One example of an association technique are the presentation of inkblots
Rorschach Inkblot Test: unstructured projective personality assessment in which examinees are shown symmetrical inkblots and asked to respond with what each inkblot looks like
Developed by Hermann Rorschach in 1921
Most widely used projective personality assessment
Consists of 10 bilaterally symmetrical inkblots
Originally, no test manual or score interpretation
Exner’s Comprehensive System (CS) is the most commonly used Rorschach scoring system
Another example of an association technique are word associations – verbal association projective technique in which examinee responds to series of words with the first word that comes to mind after hearing each word
• Word Association Test (WAT)
Word association first introduced by Francis Galton (1879)
Jung’s (1910) WAT, developed by Rapaport, Gill, and Schafer (1945-1946) influenced by Jung’s (1910) previous findings
Consists of 60 neutral and traumatic words
Results interpreted based on reaction time, content and test-retest responses

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