The ________ element of Hirschi’s social bond refers to how closely the individual is linked to the conventional social world.A. attachment B. belief C. commitment D. involvement

A. attachment
B. belief
C. commitment
D. involvement


A. attachment

Criminal Justice

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You are an assistant to a state legislator, who wants to reform laws that shame the offender to prevent recidivism. Your state has the largest number of sex offenders in the nation, but it also has an enormous drug problem and because of undetected lead in the public drinking water of one of your major cities, there is also a mental health crisis underway. You must advise your boss whether the facts support laws that shame the offender in order to prevent recidivism are effective. Discuss your opinion in the light of each of the following cases: sexual offenders, offenders with mental health issues, and offenders with addictions.

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

Witnesses who possess certain qualifications or credentials are known as _____.

a. Professional witnesses b. Expert witnesses c. Career witnesses d. Research witnesses

Criminal Justice

Which Supreme Court case allowed an exception to parole violations by holding that failure to make restitution payments due to unemployment is not sufficient reason to revoke probation?

a. Gagnon v. Scarpelli b. Bell v. Wolfish c. Bearden v. Georgia d. United States v. Birnbaum

Criminal Justice

Many things can affect the reasonableness of a police initiated stop. According to the text and the most recent case law, usually a case that involves a stop of _____ is probably outside an acceptable time limit

a. five to ten minutes b. ten to fifteen minutes c. twenty to twenty-five minutes d. thirty to thirty-five minutes

Criminal Justice