Explain what occurs in the inflammatory response to a viral or bacterial invasion
What will be an ideal response?
Inflammation manifests itself as redness, pain, heat, and swelling. Damaged cells produce inflammation mediators that attract macrophages, a type of phagocyte. Inflammation mediators include complement, prostaglandins, and cytokins, all with the same ultimate result: attracting phagocytes. Histamines cause the capillaries to dilate, and the capillaries leak fluid (plasma), and some white blood cells (particularly phagocytes) also slip out. The accumulation of fluid adds to the swelling. Mucous-producing cells (goblet cells) also produce mucous at the site of infection, causing, for example, the nose to run.
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In summer, a __________ prevents upper and lower
waters from mixing. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The ABO blood groups in humans are determined by a multiple allelic system in which IA and IB are codominant and are dominant to iO. If an infant born to a mother with blood type O is also type O, the father's blood type is:
A: O or A. B: A or B. C: O. D: O, A, or B. E: impossible to determine.
Which of the following characteristics of the structure of DNA was determined directly from X-ray diffraction photographs of crystallized DNA?
A. the double helical structure B. the length of a given DNA molecule C. the frequency of A versus T nucleotides D. the sequence of nucleotides
Which of the following combinations correctly matches a phylum to its description?
A) Echinodermata — bilateral symmetry as a larva, water vascular system B) Nematoda — segmented worms, closed circulatory system C) Cnidaria — flatworms, gastrovascular cavity, acoelomate D) Platyhelminthes — radial symmetry, polyp and medusa body forms