A nurse explains the homeostatic mechanisms involved in fluid homeostasis to a student nurse. Which of the following statements accurately describe this process? Select all that apply
A) The kidneys selectively retain electrolytes and water and excrete wastes and excesses according to the body's needs.
B) The cardiovascular system is responsible for pumping and carrying nutrients and water throughout the body.
C) The thyroid gland secretes aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid hormone that helps the body conserve sodium, helps save chloride and water, and causes potassium to be excreted.
D) The lungs regulate oxygen and carbon dioxide levels of the blood, which is especially crucial in maintaining acid–base balance.
E) Thyroxine, released by the adrenal glands, increases blood flow in the body, leading to increased renal circulation and resulting in increased glomerular filtration and urinary output.
F) The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone, which regulates the level of calcium and phosphorus.
A, B, D, F
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The circulating nurse in an outpatient surgery center is assessing a patient who is scheduled to receive moderate sedation. What principle should guide the care of a patient receiving this form of anesthesia?
A) The patient must never be left unattended by the nurse. B) The patient should begin a course of antiemetics the day before surgery. C) The patient should be informed that he or she will remember most of the procedure. D) The patient must be able to maintain his or her own airway.
The nurse is preparing a prenatal class about infant feeding methods. The maternal nutritional requirements for breastfeeding and formula-feeding will be discussed. What statement should the nurse include?
1. "Breastfeeding requires a continued high intake of protein and calcium." 2. "Formula-feeding mothers should protect their health with a lot of calcium." 3. "Producing breast milk requires calories, but any source of food is fine." 4. "Formula-feeding mothers need a high protein intake to avoid fatigue."
What relationship does CO2 have with ICP and feeding rate?
A nurse is in the hallway assisting a patient to ambulate and hears an alarm sound. What is the best next step for the nurse to take?
a. Seek out the source of the alarm. b. Wait to see if the alarm discontinues. c. Ask another nurse to check on the alarm. d. Continue ambulating the patient.