What is the term for an identification procedure in which a witness happens to see the defendant in custody, say outside the courtroom or in the police station?
a. a photo array
b. an accidental show-up
c. a lineup
d. a confrontation
b
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Which of the following is NOT true regarding solitary confinement?
A) Whereas typical cells measure about 6 feet wide and 9 feet long, solitary confinement cells are usually twice that size since inmates are confined to the cell for 23-24 hours per day. B) The prisoner is under intense control and isolation. C) Rather than eating in a dining hall, meals are typically passed through slots in each inmate's individual cell door. D) Inmates may have access to televisions, radios, or even reading and writing materials.
Timothy Tyler was arrested for selling five grams of the hallucinogenic drug LSD to a friend who was working as an informant for the federal government. In 1996, Scott Walker was arrested for being a low-level pusher of LSD, cocaine, marijuana, and methamphetamine. If their arrests for these nonviolent offenses had happened today, Tyler and Walker-lacking criminal records-would have been punished with relatively short prison sentences. Instead, both of them are still behind bars and can expect to spend the rest of their lives there. Under a formula adopted by the U.S. government in 1987, federal judges could not deviate from strict sentencing guidelines for nonviolent crimes. For these offenders, the best hope for freedom is clemency, a process through which the president of the United
States or a state governor essentially forgives an inmate's wrongdoing and sets her or him free from prison. The sentence handed down to Tyler would suggest that Judge Gilbert was motivated by which sentencing philosophy? A. Retribution B. Deterrence C. Reintegration D. Rehabilitation
The exclusionary rule does not require suppression of evidence seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment where the erroneous information resulted from clerical errors of court employees
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Jacobs argued that a hate crime statute creates a law that is unlikely to deter and that its implementation:
a. serves no purpose. c. is constitutionally questionable. b. will widen social division. d. Answers a, b and c are correct.