A 16-year-old client describes falling asleep suddenly three times a day for about 10 minutes. The nurse suspects that the client may be experiencing:
1. Narcolepsy
2. Primary insomnia
3. Secondary insomnia
4. Obstructive sleep apnea
ANS: 1
The symptoms are indicative of narcolepsy. Primary insomnia is difficulty initiating or maintain-ing sleep. Secondary insomnia is sleep difficulty related to a psychiatric diagnosis or medical dis-order. Obstructive sleep apnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder.
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The nurse is planning to assess the pain level of an older patient who is hearing impaired. Which assessment technique would be the most appropriate for the nurse to use?
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