Which of these describes the risky-shift phenomenon?
a) Groups avoid risky actions by conforming.
b) Individuals avoid risky actions by conforming.
c) Individuals make riskier decisions than groups do.
d) Groups make riskier decisions than individuals do.
D
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Criterion validity measures
a. measures the theoretical concept it supposedly tests b. measures the full range of behaviors represented by the concept c. correlates with other valid tests of the same theoretical concept d. All of the these are true
Research on the media use of adolescents _____________________________
a. has found that only females report that they enjoy the social aspect of gaming b. has found that adolescents in industrialized countries use media for about 2 hours every day c. has focused primarily on the benefits, such as increasing problem-solving ability and strategizing d. has shown that the content of electronic games is related to their emotional responses
According to Erik Erikson, which of the following is the first critical developmental issue that is resolved in the first year of life?
a. trust versus mistrust b. attachment versus misalignment c. autonomy versus shame and doubt d. oral fixation versus anal fixation
Self-handicapping
a. is not as common as might be expected. b. must be done consciously to be successful. c. is only possible for matters that are moderately important. d. must be used outside the person's awareness to be successful.