Genetic mutations involve __________.
A. adverse neural development caused by drug ingestion in adulthood
B. accidental changes in the chromosomes of sperms or eggs
C. poor adaptation to the environment
D. improved reproductive success
Answer: B
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What are 2 reasons why a behavioral deficit would fail to occur even though the future outcome of the behavior is positive?
What will be an ideal response?
The probability of repeating a response is increased by which of the following consequences?
a. positive punishment b. response cost c. nonreinforcement d. negative reinforcement
Joan is obsessed with stories about cowboys
In these stories, the bad guy always wears a black hat. Because of this, her schema for bad, dangerous men includes black clothing and, especially, black hats. One day, her car breaks down on the highway and a man dressed entirely in black and wearing a black hat stops and helps her. Which of the following is she most likely to think? a) "Wow, I'd better change my ideas about men in black." b) "How strange, he must be the exception to the rule." c) "Maybe it is men in white who are dangerous." d) "All those cowboy stories had it wrong!"
Andie claims that phrenology is a pseudoscience and not a true science. Which of the following statements supports her claim?
a. When phrenologists found large "stealing" bumps on the head of a person who was not a thief, they concluded that other positive bumps held this characteristic in check. b. Most of the phrenologists received inadequate training in the analysis of head bumps and so there were variations in their predictions. c. Phrenologists relied heavily on the theories of Charles Darwin, and yet they could not link the bumps to evolutionary adaptation. d. When "bumps" did not accurately explain a person's characteristics, the phrenologists explained the contradiction by hypothesizing traumatic childhood experiences.