If premature delivery is anticipated, all of the following will help determine lung maturity, ex-cept:
a. the presence of oligohydramnios.
b. lecithin-sphingomyelin (L:S) ratio.
c. phosphatidylglycerol (PG) concentration.
d. body mass index (BMI).
ANS: D
Quantification of these phospholipids (the L/S ratio and PG concentration) provides a predictive index of the lung maturity in the fetus before birth and the risks of the development of respira-tory distress. For example, an L/S ratio of 2 or more indicates a relatively low risk for the devel-opment of respiratory distress syndrome while an L/S ratio of less than 1.5 is associated with a high risk. Conditions that lead to reduced fetal breathing and amniotic fluid formation (oligohy-dramnios) are linked to incomplete inflation of the lung with fluid and poorly developed (hypo-plastic) lungs.
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