Put the steps in the correct order for a birder hearing the call of a whip-poor-will.____ Bird sings "whip-poor-will"____ Sound waves travel to the birder's pinna and enter the canal____ Oval window vibrates____ Basilar membrane vibrates in different regions for each note____ Malleus, incus, and stapes vibrate____ Tympanic membrane vibrates____ Auditory cortex interprets the pattern____ Pressure waves travel through fluid in the cochlea____ Action potentials travel down axons that represent different frequencies____ Cilia of hair cells bend in different regions for each note
What will be an ideal response?
| 1 | Bird sings "whip-poor-will" |
| 2 | Sound waves travel to the birder's pinna and enter the canal |
| 5 | Oval window vibrates |
| 7 | Basilar membrane vibrates in different regions for each note |
| 4 | Malleus, incus, and stapes vibrate |
| 3 | Tympanic membrane vibrates |
| 10 | Auditory cortex interprets the pattern |
| 6 | Pressure waves travel through fluid in the cochlea |
| 9 | Action potentials travel down axons that represent different frequencies |
| 8 | Cilia of hair cells bend in different regions for each note |
Clarify Question
• What is the key concept addressed by the question?
Steps of hearing a bird call.
• What type of thinking is required?
You are being asked to take what you already know about the process of hearing and use, or apply, it to detecting a bird call.
Gather Content
• What do you already know about hearing? What other information is related to the question?
o You already know that hearing is the detection of sound. The sound enters the pinna and ear canal of the external ear. Then the tympanic membrane is vibrated by the sound. In the middle ear, the middle ear ossicles, the malleus, incus, and stapes, vibrate in response to the tympanic membrane vibration. The footplate of the stapes sets on the oval window leading into the inner ear, or the cochlea. Vibration at the oval window is transferred to the fluid of the cochlea. These pressure waves bend the basilar membrane in the center of the cochlea and they do so in a tonotopic manner, with high frequencies stimulating the basilar membrane close to oval window and low frequencies stimulating the basilar membrane farthest away from the oval window. As the basilar membrane is deflected up and down, it bends the sensory hair cells on top of it, opening up ion channels and sending action potentials to the auditory nerve. These signals are then interpreted by the auditory cortex of the brain.
Choose Answer
• Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?
o You know the basic process of hearing. Now break it down into specific components in the external, middle, and inner ear.
Reflect on Process
• Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
o Answering this question correctly depended on your ability to use the process of hearing in a new situation, that of hearing a bird call. If you got an incorrect answer, what did you get out of order?
Biology & Microbiology
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