Giving a preschooler a piece of candy every time he says “thank you” is a:
a. positive reinforcement.
b. negative reinforcement.
c. positive punishment.
d. negative punishment.
a. positive reinforcement.
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Which of the following is a prediction of Weber's constant for noticing differences?
a. A person of 200 pounds would have to lose twice as much weight as a person of 100 pounds in order for the difference to be noticed. b. The maximum difference in stimuli that can be detected is the same for all senses. c. The constant is the same for all sense modalities. d. Motivation, attention, and past experience are factors in the constant.
The average score on most IQ tests is
A) 15. B) 100. C) 150. D) 500.
Which of the following has NOT been identified as a possible explanation for the differences in cognitive performance found among people from diverse cultures when working on Piagetian tasks?
a. The tasks that Piaget developed to assess cognitive development reflected his own opinions about what is and is not a valuable and/or appropriate cognitive activity. b. Biological and genetic differences among different cultural groups account for any differences in cognitive abilities. c. Schooling seems to be related to how children perform on Piagetian tasks. d. The types of cognitive abilities that develop in different cultures are related to what is valued in that culture.
A(n) __________ has a Ph.D., Psy.D., or Ed.D. and addresses vocational, educational, or
personal issues in her or his practice. a. counseling psychologist b. clinical psychologist c. psychiatrist d. social worker e. educational psychologist