Which of the following are associated with hypercapnic respiratory failure due to respiratory muscle weakness or fatigue?
1. Hyperthyroidism
2. Myasthenia gravis
3. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
4. Guillain-Barré syndrome
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 3 only
c. 3 and 4 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only
ANS: D
Examples include spinal trauma, motor neuron disease where lesions of the anterior horn cells may gradually lead to progressive ventilatory failure (such as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or poliomyelitis), motor nerve disorders (including Guillain-Barré syndrome and Char-cot-Marie-Tooth disease), disorders of the neuromuscular junction (such myasthenia gravis and botulism), and muscular diseases (including muscular dystrophy, myositis, critical care myopathy, and metabolic disorders).
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Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Mr. Henderson is a 64-year-old patient whose wife insisted that he have his hearing tested because he often does not hear her when she speaks to him. When you speak to him, he answers, but some of his answers do not seem appropriate, and you suspect that he has not heard you or has misinterpreted what you said. Which of the following actions can you take to help make sure Mr. Henderson understands the questions you ask during the interview?
A. Speak in clear, high-pitched tones B. Speak more loudly C. Face the patient while speaking to him D. Speak more slowly E. Emphasize your lip movements