A student reviewing the anatomy and physiology of fetal circulation learns that fetal blood enters the aorta through which structure?
A.
Ductus arteriosus
B.
Ductus venosus
C.
Foramen ovale
D.
Portal circulation
ANS: A
Most blood enters the aorta through the ductus arteriosus, which is a channel between the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta. The ductus venosus connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava. The foramen ovale is an opening between the atria of the heart. Most blood bypasses the liver (portal circulation).
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