A 12-year-old patient has undergone knee surgery. She has an order for pain medication, which can be given by several different routes. Which of the following routes of administration will provide the fastest pain relief?
a. Transcutaneous
b. Intravenous
c. Oral
d. Rectal
B
Intravenous (IV) injection produces the most rapid absorption because medications given in this route are immediately absorbed into the systemic circulation. When you place medications on the skin (transcutaneous), absorption is slow because of the physical makeup of the skin. The body also absorbs oral medications at a slow rate because these medications have to pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The body absorbs medications through the mucous membranes (rectal and buccal) and respiratory airways quickly because these tissues contain many blood vessels, but the intravenous route is fastest.
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