A patient was admitted to the surgical unit after surgical removal of an abdominal tumor. As the nurse performs a postsurgical assessment, the patient's blood pressure is 90/54, heart rate is 94, and respiratory rate is 22
Based on these values, the nurse should be most concerned with which of the following conditions? a. Hypovolemia
b. Left-sided heart failure
c. Right-sided heart failure
d. Hypervolemia
A
Hypovolemia is a reduced circulating blood volume resulting from extracellular fluid losses that occurs in conditions such as shock and severe dehydration. If the fluid loss is significant, the body tries to adapt by increasing the heart rate and constricting peripheral vessels to increase the volume of blood returned to the heart and increase the cardiac output. The patient is experiencing shock (low blood pressure, increased pulse and respirations). Left-sided heart failure is characterized by impaired functioning of the left ventricle. This is usually caused by increased preload (fluid volume overload) or afterload (increased systemic vascular resistance such as hypertension). Right-sided heart failure results from impaired functioning of the right ventricle, which is typically caused by pulmonary disease or pulmonary hypertension. Fluid volume overload or hypervolemia may lead to vascular congestion in patients with heart, kidney, or lung diseases. The patient has lost fluid, not gained fluid.
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A. percutaneous rehydration therapy B. IV rehydration therapy C. parenteral rehydration therapy D. oral rehydration therapy
Which of the following statements is true of drug nomenclature?
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