A postmenopausal female client has had two episodes of bacterial urethritis in the last 6 months. She asks her nurse why this is happening to her now. Which is the nurse's best response?
a. "Your immune system becomes less ef-fective as you age."
b. "Low estrogen levels can make the tissue more susceptible to infection."
c. "You should be more careful with your personal hygiene in this area."
d. "It is likely that you have an untreated sexually transmitted infection."
B
Low estrogen levels decrease moisture and the types of secretions in the perineal area and cause other tissue changes, predisposing it to the development of infection. Urethritis is most common in postmenopausal women for this reason. Although immune function does decrease with aging and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a known cause of urethritis, the most likely reason in this client is low estrogen levels. Personal hygiene usually does not contribute to this disease process.
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An African American patient, originally from Haiti, was admitted for depression. A staff nurse tells a peer, "This patient frequently looks down and does not express feelings
When I observe interactions with other African American patients, however, the patient appears spontaneous." What remark by the peer would be most helpful? a. "Most African Americans depend on the church for support. Have you consulted the patient's pastor?" b. "Ask the patient to describe feelings in a group setting. It will be less intimidating than one-to-one interaction." c. "Don't take it personally. African Americans often have a resentful attitude that takes a long time to overcome." d. "The patient may have difficulty communicating feelings in English. Have you considered using a cultural broker?"
Which of the following people would be the best candidate for use of an intrauterine device (IUD)?
a. A woman in a mutually monogamous, stable relationship b. A single woman who is actively dating c. A woman who cannot afford oral contraceptives d. A woman with a prior history of pelvic inflammatory disease
A patient has the following pulmonary function test results. For which patient should the nurse identify these findings as being normal?
1. a child 2. an adolescent 3. a middle-aged patient 4. an elderly patient
When the wife of a manic client asks about genetic transmission of bipolar disorder, the nurse's answer should be predicated on the knowledge that
A. no research exists to suggest genetic transmission. B. much depends on the socioeconomic class of the individuals. C. highly creative people tend toward development of the disorder. D. the rate of bipolar disorder is higher in relatives of people with bipolar disorder.