Discuss the different types of specific phobias and how they are acquired.
What will be an ideal response?
Sample Answer: Blood-injury-injection phobias demonstrate a fear of blood, physical injury, and needles. Situational phobias address fears of a particular situation such as riding on public transportation. Natural environmental phobias are fears of natural events such as tornadoes, hurricanes, thunderstorms, etc. Animal phobias consist of fear of animals. Other is everything that does not fit into any of the above categories.Phobias may be acquired in several different ways. One way is through classical conditioning. We may also learn fears vicariously (seeing someone else have a traumatic experience). Sometimes just being warned repeatedly about a potential danger is sufficient to develop a phobia.Finally, it appears that several things have to take place to develop a phobia. First, some form of traumatic conditioning experience. Second, fear develops more easily if we are prepared to fear, i.e., inherently dangerous situations. Third, one must be susceptible to developing anxiety that the event will happen again.
You might also like to view...
What is a prototype?
a. A definition b. A typical example c. An exception to the rule d. An imitation
Which of the following was a result of the decision by the University of California to reject the SAT-I?
a. Fewer qualified students were admitted. b. High schools changed their curricula to include more math and essay writing experiences. c. The College Board suspended their accreditation. d. It became difficult to recruit exceptional students because of questions about the University's academic quality.
Mindfulness is a relaxation-based technique that:
a. intentionally bringing one's attention to internal and external experiences occurring at the present moment. b. has not been empirically demonstrated to result in increased immune activity. c. increases the breathing rate to distract the person from stressful thoughts.. d. focuses the mind on positive events from the past.
The concept of the fearlessness hypothesis of antisocial personality disorder is that individuals with this disorder
A. learn to avoid punishment. B. have an underactive cortex. C. underreact to the threat of punishment. D. have brain damage that inhibits their ability to understand the implications of their actions.