A 77-year-old client was put on broad-spectrum antibiotics when hospitalized for sepsis. The client has a history of rheumatoid arthritis and a recurring problem with pneumonia
Which of the following theories best explains why the client has had these issues?
A) Free radical theory
B) Genetic theory
C) Immunity theory
D) Wear-and-tear theory
Ans: C
Immunity theories focus on immunosenescence. Older adults are more susceptible to cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infections, a phenomenon that is known as immunosenescence. Wearing out is exacerbated by harmful factors, such as stress, disease, smoking, poor diet, and alcohol abuse. Free radicals are waste products of metabolism and they can damage cells. Current studies indicate that the genetic effect on longevity is due to modest effects of many genes interacting, with some genes increasing one's susceptibility to age-related disease and early death and other genes slowing the aging process and leading to a longer life.
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The white blood cells that have the ability for self-recognition, specificity, and memory are
A) thrombocytes. B) monocytes. C) neutrophils. D) lymphocytes.
A patient is scheduled for a diagnostic MRI of the lower urinary system. What pre-procedure education should the nurse include?
A) The need to be NPO for 12 hours prior to the test B) Relaxation techniques to apply during the test C) The need for conscious sedation prior to the test D) The need to limit fluid intake to 1 liter in the 24 hours before the test
While being measured for anti-embolism stockings, the client asks the nurse why they are necessary. What would be the nurses's best response?
A) They promote venous blood return to the heart. B) They eliminate peripheral edema. C) They provide a nonslip foot surface to help prevent falls. D) They reduce the risk for impaired skin integrity.
A nurse researcher wishes to identify rates of pertussis infection in children less than one year of age and then again at 6 years of age to examine the relationship of immunization status on infection rates in this population. This is an example of which
a. Correlational, longitudinal
b. Correlational, cross-sectional
c. Descriptive, longitudinal
d. Descriptive, cross-sectional