A child is naturally frightened by a thunderstorm, and hides in a closet to "get away.". The child then begins to exhibit a learned fear of closed-in spaces. The child probably developed the fear through:
a. instrumental conditioning
b. modeling
c. retroactive interference
d. classical conditioning
D
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Which of the following is not a criterion for theoretical understanding in core domains, as proposed by Wellman and Gelman (1992, 1998)?
a. causal explanations unique to the domain b. unobservable explanatory constructs c. coherent organization d. domain content contains both concrete and abstract information
The paired t-test
a. is used for randomized groups designs b. is less powerful than the randomized t-test c. is used to analyze within-subjects designs d. tests differences between pairs of participants e. requires that two t-tests be conducted
Children with _____ are most likely to exhibit behaviors such as lying, stealing, fire setting, truancy, cruelty to animals, and fighting.
A. attention-deficit disorders B. anxiety disorders C. conduct disorders D. depression
Identify a true statement about distinctive events and illusory correlations.
A. The co-occurrence of two distinctive events is barely noticeable. B. People predominantly lack sensitivity to distinctive events. C. Attention to unusual occurrences creates illusory correlations. D. Under illusory correlation, the co-occurrence of two unusual events is less noticeable than each of the times the unusual events do not occur together.