The single long process that extends from a typical motor nerve cell is the
a. axon.
b. neuron.
c. synapse.
d. dendrite.
e. cell body.
A
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Some researchers claim that sponge genomes have homeotic genes, but no Hox genes. If true, this finding would _____.
A) mean that sponges must no longer be classified as animals. B) mean that extinct sponges must have been the last common ancestor of animals and fungi. C) confirm the identity of sponges as "basal animals." D) strengthen sponges' evolutionary ties to the Eumetazoa. E) require sponges to be reclassified as choanoflagellates.
The final step in the clotting pathway is ____
a. activation of thrombin b. platelet plug formation c. vessel spasm d. conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin e. activation of factor X
You have identified a novel cytoplasmic protein. Through sequence analysis you are able to identify the presence of a number of serine/threonine phosphorylation motifs. Based on these data, you hypothesize that this protein may be a substrate for what kind of enzyme?
A. a protein kinase B. a G protein-coupled receptor C. a phospholipase D. a tyrosine phosphatase E. a receptor tyrosine kinase
Imagine that you and your colleagues are working in a lab to develop a protein synthesis system for a new type of synthetic cell. During your brainstorming sessions, you propose that polycistronic mRNA (an mRNA with multiple start and stop codons)
would be much more useful than mRNA that is only translated into one protein (with just one start and stop codon). This would allow for multiple proteins necessary for a particular function to be translated together. One of your colleagues says that is a good idea, but if you decide to go with polycistronic mRNA, you'd better make sure to use a prokaryotic translation system. Why might it be problematic to use a eukaryotic translation system with polycistronic mRNA? A. Introns would always prevent translation of the mRNA. B. Eukaryotic ribosomes initiate translation by binding to the 5-cap, which is only at one end of the mRNA. C. Prokaryotic ribosomes do not detach from mRNA when they reach a stop codon. D. Eukaryotic start and stop codons are different from prokaryotic start and stop codons.