An attempt by organisms to equalize the behavioral costs of obtaining reinforcement across many choices and outcomes is the process of
a. melioration.
b. optimizing.
c. molar feedback.
d. maximizing.
Ans: a
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According to Piaget, the preoperational stage of cognitive development:
A. lasts from approximately age eight to age eleven. B. involves the use of abstract reasoning. C. lasts from approximately age two to age seven. D. involves a growing mastery of formal logic.
On a Likert scale, participants are required to:
A. place a check along an unnumbered line to indicate the degree of disagreement with a statement. B. check one of five alternatives indicating various degrees of agreement or disagreement with a statement. C. circle a number on a 10-point scale that best reflects how much they agree with a statement. D. choose the upper and lower limits of a rating scale.
A discrete period of intense fear and physical arousal is called
A) panic attack B) depression C) psychosis D) agoraphobia
The brain has its largest increase in weight between the ages of
a. 0-11 months b. 11 months – 3 years c. 3-18 years d. none of the above; the increase in weight is about the same for the age ranges listed above