Explain each of the ways in which inference engines for expert systems can proceed.
What will be an ideal response?
Forward chaining begins with assertions and tries to match those assertions to the "if" clauses of rules, thereby generating new assertions. These may, in turn, be matched with "if" clauses, generating still more assertions. This is the process we used in our example. Backward chaining begins with a proposed conclusion and tries to match it with the "then" clauses of rules. It then looks at the corresponding "if" clauses and tries to match those with assertions, or with the "then" clauses of other rules. This process continues until all "if" clauses that arise have been successfully matched with assertions, in which case the proposed conclusion is justified, or until no match is possible, in which case the proposed conclusion is rejected.
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A ____ holds drawing objects, shapes, and other items.
a. stack b. layer c. fill d. cluster
The _________ is a logical function that returns one value if a statement is true and returns a different value if that statement is false. A. IF function B. DELTA function C. CELL function D. N function
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
An example of a(n) ____ reconnaissance attack is a user who sends SQL injections to a system in hopes of generating some type of error or system response to use to make inferences about the system or environment.
A. active B. passive C. dynamic D. static
__________ is when the result is put back into the floating-point format and the extra bits must be eliminated in such a way as to produce a result that is close to the exact result.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).