Which of the following medications can help reduce acute dyspnea in a patient with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
a. PO cortisone
b. IM meperidine (Demerol)
c. IV morphine
d. IV propranolol (Inderal)
ANS: C
IV morphine helps acute dyspnea and anxiety in patients with end-stage disease. Cortisone may reduce inflammation, but the oral route is too slow for acute dyspnea. Meperidine has not been shown to reduce dyspnea. Propranolol is a beta blocker and may aggravate bronchoconstriction.
You might also like to view...
A patient has been diagnosed with osteoporosis and asks the nurse, "What is osteoporosis?" The nurse explains that osteoporosis is defined as:
a. Increased bone matrix. b. Loss of bone density. c. New, weaker bone growth. d. Increased phagocytic activity.
The site you would want to use to administer an intramuscular injection to a child with nephrotic syndrome would be
A) deltoid muscle. B) anterior thigh. C) maximus gluteus. D) ventral-gluteal site.
A nurse is reading about the National Commission for Manpower study released in 1977, which made amendments to the Social Security Act that
a. allowed nurse practitioners to be paid directly for their services b. provided social security benefits for nurses c. provided federal funds to construct nursing schools d. made student loans and scholarships available to nursing students
Upon examination of a male infant, it is determined that the urethral meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis. The nurse will document this condition as:
a. hypospadias. b. epispadias. c. hydroureter. d. cryptorchidism.