In the language of experimentation, a "pretest" refers to:
a. the measurement of the independent variable before it is applied to subjects.
b. a measure of the dependent variable before subjects are exposed to the
independent variable.
c. the random assignment of subjects to experimental and control conditions.
d. the extent of extraneous variability that exists before exposure of subjects to
the independent variable.
B
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Poverty rates for African Americans ______.
A. are related to micro-level experiences and the individual B. stem largely from the history of prejudice and discrimination in the United States C. are lower today than they were 15 years ago D. are lower than poverty rates for Hispanic Americans
Which of the following is a reflection of the residual conception of social welfare?
a. Universal health care. b. Community care, a temporary, market-oriented system of mutual aid. c. Medicare, as medical care for the elderly is likely to be beyond the reach of all but the very wealthy. d. Social security as a way to sustain basic living for the elderly, survivors, and people with disabilities.
All of the following are characteristics of the working stage EXCEPT:
A) ?Members are encouraged to become more like each other in order to develop group cohesion B) ?Group members use each other as a resource C) ?Group norms are developed cooperatively by members and leader D) ?There is an emphasis on combining the feeling and thinking functions
Science and religion are joined in an appreciation for the genius of nature
a. Because of the awareness of the growing appreciation for the environment b. Because of the efforts to reconstruct the welfare of the former slaves c. Because of the new spiritual and cultural perspective d. Because of the inevitability of unsustainable practices