The nurse examines a client who is taking haloperidol for schizophrenia and notices that she habitually twists her tongue and arms. This side effect of her medication is known as:
A) Tardive dyskinesia
B) Akathisia
C) Dystonia
D) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Ans: A
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Of particular concern with the first-generation antipsychotics is the risk of developing tardive dyskinesia. This condition, which is irreversible, is characterized by twisting movements of the tongue, limbs, and torso. Some of the other debilitating side effects of the first-generation antipsychotics include akathisia (extreme restlessness in the limbs), dystonia (severe stiffness in muscles, most prominently the neck), blurred vision, urinary retention, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
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