State the principle of uniformitarianism. What will be an ideal response?
The physical and chemical laws of nature have remained the same over time and cannot be violated.
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Which method best describes how the geologic time scale, which was developed through fossil successions in sedimentary rocks, was tied to absolute time even though sedimentary rocks cannot usually be dated directly by geochronology?
A) Geologists recently developed a technique to directly date sedimentary rocks, solving the problem. B) Geologists realized that there were many other cosmogenic isotopes besides Carbon 14 that allow the dating of sediments, and this has allowed the dating of sedimentary rocks. C) Geologist used things like volcanic ash beds, interbedded volcanic rocks, cross-cutting intrusive igneous rocks, etc. in sedimentary sections with a known fossil succession, and this age was extrapolated globally. D) Geologists estimated time through sedimentation rates, then using those rates together with maximum ages of underlying rocks that are datable, to extract a time interval and rate for deposition of the sedimentary rocks.
The lithosphere is thicker beneath ________.
A. the Southern Hemisphere compared to the Northern Hemisphere B. the continents compared to the oceans C. the oceans compared to the continents D. the Northern Hemisphere compared to the Southern Hemisphere
The maximum rate at which materials absorb water is called ____________________ and depends on the intensity and duration of rainfall
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
A(n) ________ is sandstone in which more than 15% of the rock's volume consists of fine-grained matrix.
A. quartz sandstone B. arkose C. graywacke D. quartzite E. oolitic limestone